The most urgent goal of the urban densification study for the Nordhafen quarter is to develop the site as part of a future living environment in the new Europacity. For us, Europaplatz is an urban campus - a meeting place for residents and everyone who works here.
In addition, the study discusses the overlapping of private and publicly accessible uses, in parts also within the building, as well as the possibilities of resource-saving measures for heating and cooling at this special location.
A new district emerges
The inner-city wasteland, which has so far been largely unused or only rudimentarily used, is set to become a lively district with a direct connection to Berlin's main railway station. Despite good connections to the transport network, the site must nevertheless be understood and thought of as an island, as it is separated from the surrounding districts by various spatial barriers. Extensive railway tracks prevent direct contact with Wedding, while the Spree Canal forms a natural border with Mitte. New bridge connections will counteract this peculiarity, but will not be able to eliminate it. This makes the new district's own urban identity all the more important. The newly created town square as the heart of the new quarter will become an address, the inner open spaces a private garden.
Construction and sustainability
The complexity and multitude of technical systems should be kept to a necessary minimum. To this end, the solid components are activated and circulated with cool night air so that the coolness stored at night naturally compensates for the internal heat loads that arise during the day. Earth ducts and - where possible - evaporative cooling from the Spree canal provide the necessary cold air. Circulation through the building is initiated by a “chimney” (stair tower), which is routed beyond the parapet edge of the building.
The inner-city location is ideally suited for different groups of residents: young families, older people in small apartments or in shared apartments 50+, students in apartments or shared flats. A building that offers different types of apartments under one roof and thus provides the basis for a real house community. Access to the upper floors and the functional areas on the ground floor is via a central foyer with deliberately spacious circulation areas, which are available to the building community as a protected space for private events, children's play, etc. - as is the garden itself.
“High Density - High Privacy - Low Energy” is the theme of the architectural language. The building structure is compact, the circulation areas are equally yet communicative, the residential units have a differentiated typology and the largest possible private open spaces. All window areas are based on the same basic module, but their handling is adapted to the respective floor plans.
All necessary infrastructural facilities (waste management, storage rooms, building services, etc.) are housed in the building. This leaves the open space around the building tidy and reserved for garden use - with a direct link to the neighboring public green space.
The building has four upper storeys and a staggered storey with three penthouses to clearly articulate the urban contours. It has two independent entrances/exits. All floors are barrier-free and some of the apartments are handicapped accessible.
The first and second escape routes are routed via stairwells, which are located on the outer wall as nested staircases with minimal space requirements and are ventilated at the top.
The primary load-bearing structure consists of reinforced concrete ceilings laid on masonry walls. The ceilings are free of joists and are smooth and undisturbed from below. The masonry of the outer wall is monolithic (highly insulated) - with an additional mass shell for sound insulation towards Kaiserstraße and Karl-Lücking Straße. It remains open to diffusion throughout its entire construction. The surface forms an interplay of coarse and fine plaster textures. The floor plans are largely column-free. The space is created by non-load-bearing partition walls.
The M.K. Čiurlionis Concert Centre is located on the southern bank of the Nemunas River. The landscape is transformed by terraces with the amphitheater to the west and the stage positioned between the Nemunas River and the concert center. It offers the best outdoor atmosphere with a unique view of the historic city of Kaunas on the opposite side of the river – especially at sunset. The site can be accessed individually via the existing or future bridge, or by public transport. Upon arrival at a drop-off zone, visitors are welcomed onto an elevated Bellevue terrace, which surrounds the south and west sides of the building and leads to a main entrance. A second entrance is located along the riverbank.
Outdoor Space
Arrival is planned on the opposite sides of the building: the main entrance and drop-off zone via a generous flight of stairs leading to the Bellevue. The side entrance on the river side is connected to the internal canyon. The landscape is transformed into terraces – similar to the shape of ice floes – as depicted by Caspar David Friedrich. The terraces consist of grass steps and concrete steps, loosely combined in arrangement, like logs washed ashore by the river. The amphitheater is embedded into these terraces. We recommend no roofing for this open-air theater.
The building is a rock. Lost from the river, resting on its southern bank. A split rock, unexpectedly cut vertically into two volumes – an artificial canyon. Two halves of a rock – a symbol of the city of Kaunas, divided by the Nemunas River. Every visitor is invited to explore platforms, hidden places, the best views, materials, and acoustics. We propose sharply contrasting tactile qualities inside and out. The exterior features smooth, light, black-coated concrete panels – a refined appearance. Inside, it is smooth, with muted sound, warm colors (all shades of red), and sound-altering fabrics. We see the use of fabrics as a nod to Kaunas' rich tradition of textile art and culture. The lobby on the ground floor has a terrazzo floor made of pebbles from the Nemunas River. This lobby functions like an internal Bellevue, offering views of the river, the city, the amphitheater, and the inner canyon. It is a place for strolling, discovering, drinking, immersing oneself in the rock, and realizing that there is something mysterious here. On the right, the walls are covered with soft fabrics, while on the left, the hard, rough, textured surface of the Black Box dominates the lobby ceiling. Stunning views across all levels create a personal experience. Therefore, we offer various ways to traverse the building.
Concert Halls
The large concert hall is planned as a compact volume with perfect geometric proportions, similar to the historic Viennese concert hall. The structure will be made of concrete, with all surfaces in the main hall clad in wood. The surface remains an open pigmented structure to control sound. The color will be printed on wooden panels, following the motifs of the lobby and the warmth of red tones. The main hall and balconies are connected to several bar and lounge areas surrounding a central atrium. It offers views of the riverside, Kaunas, and the cultural island in the Nemunas River. A clearly defined transition area on the ground floor separates the main hall's audience from other visitors.
Sustainability
The design of the M.K. Čiurlionis Concert Centre offers space efficiency within a compact volume. The flexibility of individual rooms has been carefully planned to ensure the center’s longevity. Panels made of concrete, steel, and solid wood form a robust and high-performance thermal envelope, ensuring a comfortable climate with minimal energy consumption. The foyer, covered by a glass roof, brings natural daylight into the lower floors and enables natural ventilation. Sensor-based LEDs combined with a photovoltaic grid above the concert hall ensure minimal electricity consumption. To further enhance the building’s sustainable performance, a cross-ventilation system heats and cools the building via a pump-driven energy exchange system, utilizing geothermal heating and cold water from the Nemunas River, pending approval.
The building plot on the Adlershof Science Campus has a clear north-south orientation. It is developed on one side - via Newton-Straße. Access to the rear areas of the site must be via separate areas. On the NW side, the entire length of the site borders on a central green corridor, which already has high open space qualities. We therefore want to connect the private open spaces directly to the green corridor and keep the site as a whole largely free of car traffic.
A binding urban design defines a development figure consisting of 3 detached houses. This definition is rather unfavorable for the design parameters of development, A/V, 1st and 2nd escape routes. We are counteracting this with optimized utilization.
Development + outdoor facilities
The relationship to the neighboring natural space is extraordinary. We take these open space qualities as a benchmark and transform them into our own open space concept. The trafficable areas are reduced to a minimum. Cars are accommodated near the site access road and under the cantilevered upper floor of House 1. In this way, a large part of the site can remain open to infiltration and be linked to the landscape with lawns and water-bound paths.
Open spaces/garden areas for the private use of the house communities will have lawns, some with playground areas. This allows private open spaces to merge into the park landscape without any perceptible boundaries. In this way, an extensive connection to the landscape is created.
The entrances to the three buildings are easily recognizable and barrier-free on the ground floor. The vestibules are generously dimensioned and thus form places for conversation “en passant”. The surfaces of the stairwells are untreated - exposed concrete as an in-situ concrete construction with board formwork and, if necessary, a colored coating.
Buildings
“Density - privacy - resource” are the criteria according to which the buildings were developed. Balconies and direct access to open spaces with links to the public parks support this concept. The apartments and buildings are staggered in such a way as to prevent prying eyes. The houses stand freely on the site and do not have basements.
Construction
The load-bearing structure is a timber skeleton system. Wooden beams span over 5m in the longitudinal direction, hybrid ceilings (wood + steel) are laid across them with a span of up to approx. 7.5m.
This creates free floor plans - “plan libre” - that are permanently variable and can also be changed in the future with just a few simple steps. Only the positions of the installation shafts are fixed. The ceilings are installed as timber-StBn composite ceilings, the façades are suspended as timber frame elements in front of the load-bearing skeleton and clad with horizontally structured larch cladding.
This construction method enables extensive prefabrication - the primary supporting structure, ceilings and façades are constructed in the factory and assembled on site. This means that the construction time can be reduced to a minimum.
Competition Sports Hall Karpfenteich Primary School
Berlin
The urban environment of the Karpfenteich Elementary School is relatively small-scale. The area is characterized by two- to three-story, detached houses with front gardens and a set-back from the street. The school design from the 1960s reflects this environment by placing the volume deeper into the plot, limiting the number of stories, and creating an open space in front of the building for access—an expansive gesture.
We aim to preserve this gesture and therefore position the new building at the site of the existing single-field sports hall. We align with the scale of the surroundings and place significant parts of the building program underground. What remains visible is a single-story pavilion, which resembles a greenhouse more than a sports hall due to its transparent and opaque facades.
The hall area, playing fields, and all ancillary rooms are located in the basement. The upper half of the hall volume is visible above ground—designed for natural light and with opportunities to look in and through. A small entrance building stands separately next to the pavilion, constructed with the same materials and housing stairs and an elevator. The entire building is barrier-free throughout. The program areas are implemented in detail, and the street-facing end features a taller structure with chimneys for ventilation and exhaust.
Construction + Load-Bearing System
All exterior wall components below ground are made of reinforced concrete. Due to the hydrological conditions, a bathtub design is not necessary. Therefore, high insulation is provided along with protection against seepage. The roof area above the ancillary rooms will be designed as walkable.
The hall roof will be constructed from pre-stressed steel profiles. This allows for a minimal structural height (reduced heated volume) with a simple construction and low construction costs. Small BSH (laminated veneer lumber) beams are placed at intervals of 67.5 cm in the longitudinal direction, providing support for perforated plywood panels (sound absorption) as the substructure for the roof assembly. Therefore, the underside of the roof is primarily wooden. Wood is also used as a defining surface on the walls of the lowered hall area (covering for concrete walls). The roof surface will be extensively greened and will not have any openings. Natural lighting for the hall is ensured through the facade.
Supports are added as V-shaped columns along the longitudinal sides, placed on top of the concrete walls (longitudinal bracing).
Building Envelope: Roof + Facade
The longitudinal facades will be constructed from multi-chamber sandwich panels. These panels are held at the base and top points and interlocked longitudinally with tongue and groove. The panels are opaque, creating a linear, light-permeable skin without glare in the interior of the hall—abstract and detailed. The gable facades will be glazed transparently, allowing views through the building to the open spaces behind or down onto the playing area. Horizontal pipes mounted on projecting elements provide sun protection on the gable sides. The roof will be extensively greened (5th facade) and will remain without penetrations. All underground envelope parts will be built as robust reinforced concrete constructions with high insulation.
Sustainability
Avoid energy expenditure – Optimize energy conversion – Intelligently control energy usage
The building is compact. The air-exposed surfaces are minimized, thus reducing transmission heat losses. All facade surfaces can be utilized for natural lighting. Roofs are highly insulated and unbroken. The spatial program is implemented 1:1, and circulation areas are kept to the necessary minimum. All rooms are naturally ventilated. An exhaust chimney will be constructed that extends about 7 meters above the hall building. The interior spaces are connected to the natural ventilation system through overflow openings.
The constructions are straightforward and easy to erect. The number of materials used is minimal; they are uncomplicated yet robust and easily replaceable if necessary. Dismantling, deconstruction, and disposal can be done with simple equipment, and the materials are largely recyclable.
The goal of the Decathlon Herne project was to redevelop the Hibernia industrial site in Herne with a new building to strengthen the economic structure and improve ecological qualities.
The significance of the building arises from a strong articulation of the overall volume. This articulation is created by shed roofs. The sheds provide natural lighting to the interior from the north and offer the possibility of natural cross-ventilation, thus eliminating the need for mechanical ventilation.
To regulate the surface water balance, the areas between the shed roofs are greened and equipped with a high substrate layer. These green roofs capture the surface water, allowing it to evaporate from there. Excess water is directed to a drainage canal located at the entrance. The canal is connected to the natural stream system of the surrounding area.
The primary structure is a composite system of reinforced concrete and steel. The steel trusses are widely spaced to keep the interior free of columns. The exterior facades consist of industrial aluminum sheeting and pressed glass, which ensures maximum illumination. Administrative offices are housed in a two-story building block on the north side of the building.
Competition Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs
Berlin
The new building is intended to serve as an extension and infill between two existing buildings. Both buildings are witnesses to political and human conflicts. We aim to reconcile them through architecture—preserving this urban-philosophical document and sharpening its perception.
With the current use (BMAS), the upper floors are accessed securely through the main building, while the publicly accessible uses on the ground floor are independent of this. A climate-controlled structural connection is not included; however, an effective covering of the transition on the ground floor is planned. A direct connection on the lower floor is not planned but remains open for further planning.
Two separate access points are planned at the ends of the buildings. In the case of a third-party use (outside of BMAS), a separate access and address could be established here at any time. The upper floors can be organized freely between the cores—open space, individual or group offices, conference rooms, etc. If needed, a change of use (e.g., residential) within the primary structure and facade is also possible.
The historical edges of Wilhelmplatz have been shifted. Therefore, the original, immediate connection to the existing building is no longer feasible. Out of respect for the existing building and to avoid the formal conflict of a direct corner connection, we have created a building recess with one of our cores—creating a narrow gap to the existing building and shifting the building alignments. The new and old buildings appear to be connected in projection.
The layout and scale of the school building, and its origins from the catalog of prefabricated elements, intersect with the classicist language of the BMAS. Both buildings stand as symbols of political systems that have engaged in a historical conflict for a long time. Since the reunification of the two German states, this conflict has become obsolete. Nevertheless, they bear witness to a human attitude that has prevented rapprochement and free decision. We aim to preserve this urban-philosophical document and sharpen its perception.
We assume the continued existence of both neighboring buildings and attempt to reconcile the symbols of the former adversaries with our facade by incorporating and extending the key lines of both facades and weaving them into our own facade. The contours create parapet edges, facade profiles, and material joints between cladding elements. The facade becomes a metaphor—we intertwine historical and political opponents, public space with private, educational use with the working world, and citizens with politics.
Materiality, Color, and Detailing
The windows are set in deep reveals, and the parapets are clad with anodized aluminum panels. The panels are used in various tones (anthracite, bronze, gold, silver), both solid and perforated. The color scheme is borrowed from the existing BMAS building, bridging the neighboring buildings and making a distinct statement through its materiality, which will remain even if the school building’s facade receives new surfaces.
Correspondence Between Use and Design
All floor areas along Wilhelmstrasse are designed as flexible office spaces. Cores with vertical and technical access are positioned at the corners and oriented towards the courtyard (north). Three structural axes form the primary load-bearing framework—two of which are in the parapet level and one in the partition wall area, designed as a closet element. In full-use scenarios (not open space), the supports are not perceptible. The office depths are set at 5.4 meters, and the corridor width at 1.5 meters. On the ground floor, the publicly accessible areas include the daycare center and exhibition space.
The development along Johanna-Melzer-Street is entirely from the period of immediate post-war reconstruction after 1945. The street edges are closed off, and the courtyards are often fully built over and used as workshops or enclosed garages. The materials, surface textures, and facade divisions reflect what was economically possible at the time. After 60 years without change, the neighborhood is now coming into focus for urban development.
The site is centrally located, not far from the main train station—the key transportation hub connecting regional and national destinations—such as the university, technical college, and institutes in Dorstfeld. As a result, the area around Johanna-Melzer-Street is particularly attractive to students, young families, and freelancers.
With our proposal, we aim to introduce new residential qualities. The site will be kept free of car traffic. Bicycles and cars will be parked on the ground floor beneath the front building. From the first floor to the top floor, variable apartments will be created for different groups: singles, couples, and shared housing. In the rear part of the site, a small studio building will be constructed, which will align with the neighboring edges and will feature its own private courtyard garden to the south. The area between the front building and the studio building will be de-paved and made available as a garden for the residents (“green” instead of “gray”).
Access to the upper floors, the garden, and the functional areas on the ground floor is via a central foyer with deliberately spacious movement areas. The residential community will have an apartment with space for private events, children’s play, etc., with direct access to the garden.
“High Density - High Privacy - Low Energy” is the theme of the architectural language. The building mass is compact, as are the circulation areas, yet remains communicative. The residential units feature varied typologies and maximized private open spaces. All necessary infrastructure (storage rooms, building services, etc.) is accommodated within the building. In the courtyard, there is a steel pergola with a metal roof connecting the two building parts, providing space for bicycles and trash bins. This keeps the open area around the building tidy.
Usage + Fire Protection
The building has four upper floors and an attic with a duplex apartment. All floors are barrier-free, with some apartments designed for accessibility. The first escape route is through the stairwell, and the second is via the facade.
Construction
The primary load-bearing structure consists of reinforced concrete panels (gable walls and ceilings). The ceilings are beam-free and smooth and uninterrupted from below. The floor plans are free of columns. Room partitions are created with lightweight walls. The exterior walls and roof are built with load-bearing aerated concrete blocks. The facades are plastered. On the street side at the ground floor, there is a natural-colored silver aluminum sheet cladding. The entrance door, garage doors, intercom system, and mailboxes are integrated into this facade design: resource-conscious _ robust _ colorful _ permeable _ optimistic _ energy-efficient.
Lighting
The front building and studio house are integrated into the block structure of the neighborhood. The floor plans are illuminated through the facades facing the street and the garden.
General Sustainability Concept
The building design is characterized by a comparatively low resource consumption for building operation, construction, and maintenance. The following points are considered:
The developed comfort and energy concept is tailored to the building and its location; the passive and efficiency measures ensure compliance with the required indoor climate conditions and lead to a consistent reduction in annual energy demand. With the described supply measures, a favorable primary energy coverage of the building’s energy needs over the year is achievable.
A room acoustics adapted to the usage creates an optimal living environment. The building's high compactness and slightly articulated volume promise relatively low resource consumption for the shell. Window areas and frame materials significantly influence the gray energy content of the building envelope; the proportion of windows is optimized for natural lighting and external reference. An accentuated external reference creates spatial identities and aids orientation within the building. Innovative load-bearing and building structures allow for a material-saving construction method.
The flexibility of the building concept and the conceptual separation of components with different life expectancies significantly impact the potential lifespan of the building. Green roofs (e.g., through "urban gardening") improve the microclimate, protect the roof sealing, and contribute significantly to rainwater retention. The media distribution, ventilation concept, and accessibility allow for easy and practical cleaning, maintenance, and retrofitting.
Primarily emission-free and low-emission building materials, easy-to-clean surfaces, and the comfort/ventilation concept ensure a high health and hygiene standard in the interiors; examples include the ceiling structure, extensive natural room conditioning and ventilation depending on use. Longevity of building materials and components related to the building envelope (facade, roof, sun protection) and the building services concept (lighting concept, ventilation concept, energy concept, room conditioning, control technology) is carefully considered.
The inner city of Regensburg is characterized by its small-scale structure, resulting from its continuous historical development. Towards the Danube, the city's layout opens up, forming a tableau on the museum's site where various street axes converge. The new building integrates these axes and consolidates them into a city square facing the Danube. The open edges of the neighboring plots are closed and partially connected to the museum's main structure. This is where the Bavariathek, library, archive, administration, and other auxiliary rooms are located. Additionally, the building is publicly accessible throughout.
Floor Plan
The ground floor is an open hall—a "market hall" where all secondary uses of the museum's operation are offered. All supporting functions are compactly organized in a structured building spine that runs through all floors and also serves a stabilizing function for the entire construction.
Controlled access to the upper floors is provided via elevators and open staircases that run parallel to the façade (facing the Danube). The lecture hall, showroom, and special exhibition rooms are located on the first floor, with their own foyer connected to this access route. On this floor, there is the first bridge connection to the Bavariathek, which is repeated on the second floor. The third and fourth floors house additional exhibition spaces. The tour ends on a spacious rooftop terrace with a wide view over the city and countryside.
Relief
Facing the Danube, the building features a relief composed of horizontal elements, showcasing a selection of significant personalities from Bavarian state history and culture, buildings, technical objects representing Bavarian innovation, and symbols of folkloristic tradition.
Construction + Load-Bearing System + Facade
The basement, housing the technical facilities, is constructed as a sealed tank. All load-bearing columns are made of reinforced concrete, and the long-span ceilings use Cobiax system slabs.
Large transparent facade sections are built with a post-and-beam structure. The solid sections are constructed from large-format, highly insulating bricks and are finished with colored plaster.
Interior Finish
The interior design is intended to be simple: exposed concrete surfaces with a colored glaze (white), wooden doors also glazed in white, ceiling mirrors as light ceilings, natural stone flooring on the ground floor (similar to the surrounding outdoor surfaces), and wood in the corridors and exhibition areas.
Outdoor Facilities
The outdoor areas (surfaces, trees, dimensions) connect with the existing surroundings and continue around and through the ground floor ("market hall"). Density and openness alternate—towards the Danube, a beer garden is set up, modeled after traditional forms of this type of dining. With its shade-providing trees (geometrically pruned pollarded willows), it serves as both the starting and endpoint of the museum visit.
Sustainability
The building is compact. The roofs are highly insulated and unbroken. The constructions are straightforward and easy to erect. The number of selected materials is minimal, they are simple but robust, and can be easily replaced if necessary. Disassembly, deconstruction, and disposal are possible with basic equipment, and the materials are largely recyclable.
The building adheres to the DGNB sustainability criteria. The German quality seal incorporates various sustainability aspects into the following main criteria groups:
Process quality (quality assurance, structured commissioning, monitoring)
Ecological quality (pollutants and CO2 emissions)
Economic quality (value of materials and life cycle calculations)
Sociocultural and functional quality (user comfort and design)
"Not the child should adapt to the environment, but we should adapt the environment to the child."
— Maria Montessori
More than a School: A Lived Philosophy
The fourth comprehensive school in Aachen is taking a new approach. Teams of teachers and students form communities that learn together and spend the day together. Equality replaces hierarchy, and group work takes the place of frontal teaching. Students are empowered in their individuality rather than being dominated.
At the same time, students organize their own learning environment. In coordination with teachers, this creates a novel advisory and learning attitude. With a self-determined living environment, identification grows. School is perceived as a living place rather than an abstract institution.
Urban Planning Concept
The site is situated in the midst of a Gründerzeit district. The distinct topography and dense vegetation characterize the property. We aim to highlight the elevation and the quality of open space in our design. A central building span connects the existing classroom towers with a new sports hall. The building is traversable both inside and out, creating very diverse zones. In addition to the towers and central structure, we are placing small pavilions with a student café and a teaching kitchen in the garden.
The former sports field will be converted into the entrance courtyard, which already integrates the topography and leads into and through the building. The delivery for the cafeteria will be via Bergstraße, while the delivery for the sports hall will be directly from Sandkaulstraße. Fire and emergency services can access the site from various points via Sandkaulstraße and Bergstraße.
Architectural Concept
The floor plans are organized playfully—the ground floor essentially consists of a large hall with a forum, cafeteria, consulting rooms, and student representation rooms. In addition, there are two small pavilions in the gardens—serving as a student café and a teaching kitchen. On the upper floor, a simple building strip connects all components. It maintains a distance from the classroom towers and rests above the sports hall, which forms the spatial boundary to the street. Specialized classrooms are arranged on the north side to prevent extreme temperature fluctuations and drastic light influences. Multipurpose rooms and a meditation room are inserted into the floor plan as free-standing volumes—they extend curiously beyond the building edges or are located within large tree canopies (treehouse).
The corridor narrows, widens, and becomes a roof terrace under the tree canopies. The wall surfaces are partly transparent with views into the garden and partly opaque. The non-transparent areas are clad with wood (School of Tactility). Floor coverings vary according to the external space: terrazzo cast under the tree canopies—similar to a gravel bed under a plane tree in a mid-19th century French courtyard—and textile flooring in the concentrated areas between offices and specialized classrooms. Surface and material variety are intended to sharpen the perception of acoustics and tactility.
Only the central building (current cafeteria) will be removed from the existing structure. The remaining components will be preserved. A floor slab will be placed above the ceiling of the basement, forming the distribution level on the ground floor. From this elevation, the height concept of the building will develop.
The existing buildings will receive a new envelope—15/20 cm insulation and a cladding of wooden panels. The staircases will be rebuilt and reorganized. This way, all height levels will be accessible, including barrier-free access via elevators in the stairwells.
Structural Framework
The structural framework will be made of reinforced concrete. Columns will be positioned in the facade area and interior. The existing basement will be overbuilt. Bore piles will be placed directly next to the northern basement wall. A floor slab as a surface grid will be laid over this series of bore piles, extending to the northern and southern outer walls (spans of 10m/5m). On this slab, the necessary load-bearing elements—columns and massive walls—will be erected.
“The path on which the weak strengthen themselves is the same as the one on which the strong perfect themselves.”
